高精度无心车床主轴系统动力学建模研究

针对无心车床加工时主轴系统的振动导致加工精度不足的问题,该文以无心车床主轴系统为研究对象,考虑了实际加工中存在的棒料s弯问题,建立了主轴系统动力学模型,并在simulink中进行了动力学分析,得到了主轴在径向1(x向),径向2(y向),轴向(z向)振动信号。通过对主轴参数轴承游隙的改变来观察主轴x方向,y方向,z方向振动的变化趋势,以及改变轴套磨损量来观察主轴z方向的振动变化趋势。分析结果表明,主轴在三个方向上的振动z向最大。最后将试验信号与模型信号进行对比分析,振动实验值与理论值的误差均在5%以内,所得实验结果与模型结果基本一致,z向振动最大,可通过调整主轴参数来提高加工精度,验证了所建立模型的准确性。

Research on Dynamic Modeling of High Precision Centerless Lathe Spindle System

In view of the problem of insufficient machining accuracy caused by the vibration of the spindle system during the machining of the centerless lathe,this paper takes the spindleless spindle system as the research object,considers the bar s-bend problem existing in the actual machining,and establishes the spindle system dynamics model.The dynamics analysis was carried out in simulink,and the vibration signals of the main shaft in the radial direction 1(x direction),radial direction 2(y direction),and axial direction(z direction)were obtained.Through the change of the bearing parameter of the spindle parameter,the change trend of the x-direction,the y-direction and the z-direction vibration of the main shaft,and the change of the wear amount of the sleeve are observed to observe the vibration change trend of the main shaft z direction.The analysis results show that the vibration of the main axis in the three directions is the largest.Finally,the test signal is compared with the model signal.The error between the experimental value and the theoretical value is within 5%.The experimental results are basically consistent with the model results,and the z-direction vibration is the largest.The machining accuracy can be improved by adjusting the spindle parameters.The accuracy of the established model can be verified.