Comparison of the degree of abdominal adhesion formation associated with chromic catgut and polypropylene suture materials

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the histologic pattern and biomechanical properties of adhesions caused by chromic catgut and polypropylene sutures, using an enteropexy model. DESIGN: Enteropexies were created in dogs, using chromic catgut and polypropylene suture. The adhesions associated with the enteropexies were examined histologically and mechanically. ANIMALS: 6 mixed-breed dogs weighing 16 to 20 kg. PROCEDURE: 72 enteropexies were created between the jejunum and abdominal wall. 36 sites were sutured with chromic catgut and 36 were sutured with polypropylene. 3 dogs were euthanatized after 1 week. The remaining dogs were euthanatized after 1 month. Samples of the enteropexy sites were obtained for histologic examination. The remaining sites were mechanically distracted until failure of the enteropexy site or adjacent tissue occurred. RESULTS: Histologic examination of the enteropexy sites did not reveal substantial differences in the degree of inflammation between the 2 suture types at 1 week or 1 month. The degree of inflammation decreased and the maturity of fibrous tissue formed at the enteropexy sites increased for all specimens over time. No statistically significant difference in breaking strength was observed between suture types at 1 week or 1 month. CONCLUSION: In dogs, the formation and strength of intentionally created abdominal adhesions are not increased by use of chromic catgut. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Selection of chromic catgut suture for use in surgical procedures where adhesions are desired is unwarranted.