有限元模拟技术在塑料模具钢预硬化处理中的应用

热处理过程的控制是决定预硬化塑料模具钢质量的关键技术之一，传统方法往往带有很大的经验性和主观性。热处理过程是一个温度场、组织场、应力场相互耦合的复杂物理过程，实际生产中无法进行在线检测和控制。采用有限元数值模拟技术，对P20钢模块预硬化热处理过程中的淬火加热、淬火冷却、回火过程中的温度场进行模拟，进而预测热处理过程中的组织变化。根据数值模拟结果结合实际生产验证数据对预硬化生产工艺参数进行了调整和优化，提高了模块预硬化质量，降低了模块淬火开裂风险，同时降低了热处理能耗。

Application of Finite Element Technique to Prehardening Treatment of Die Steel for Plastics

The control of heat treatment process is one of the key techniques which will decide the quality of the prehardened die steel for plastics. The conventional process control methods are more or less subjective and often rely on experiences. Heat treatment process is a complicated physical process in which temperature field, structural field and stress field are interconnected each other. Consequently, it is impossible to carry out on-line inspection and control during the heat treatment process. In this research, finite element numerical simulation technique has been adopted to simulate the temperature field of the prehardening treatment process of P20 die blocks at the stage of hardening heating, cooling and tempering, and then to predict the change of structures during the heat treatment. The prehardening treatment process parameters were adjusted and optimized on the basis of numerical simulation results and practical data obtained in production, which improved the quality of prehardened die blocks, reduced the risk of quenching cracking and energy consumption of heat treatment.