原位改性流体化采矿科学、技术与工程

为了解决传统方法难以有效开发非常规地质资源能源问题,提出了原位改性流体化采矿方法,即在原位对矿体进行物理、化学性态改造,实施矿物的流体化开采的一种新型采矿方法,系统介绍了这一新型采矿方法的概念与内涵、科学理论、技术原理与关键技术、工程应用领域等核心内容。其突出内涵是在原位,采用物理与化学方法改造矿体与矿物,改造后的矿体多孔化、矿物流体化、矿物提质改性,实现矿物流体化开采。根据矿体性态变化特征,原位改性流体化采矿问题可分为残留骨架和无残留骨架两类问题。科学理论主要包括固流热化学耦合作用下矿体物理与力学特性演变规律、两类问题的固流热化学耦合的非线性理论模型。技术原理包括原位改性流体化采矿的适用性判据、物理改性原理和化学改性原理。建立的三维孔隙裂隙双重介质逾渗理论是该方法适用性确定的主要依据。概括介绍了覆盖的工业与工程领域及其相应的原位改性流体化采矿技术、工程的发展现状及其展望,这些工业与工程领域包括煤层气、盐矿、油页岩、放射性及有色金属矿产、天然气水合物、低变质煤、干热岩地热等。原位改性流体化采矿方法将有力推动极为广泛的、新型的、下一代非常规地质资源能源的清洁高效开发。

Science,technology and engineering of in-situ modified mining by fluidization

In order to solve the problem that traditional mining method cannot efficiently extract unconventional geo-resources and geo-energy,the in-situ modified mining method by fluidization(IMMF)was presented.The IMMF method is defined as a new mining technology that fluidizes and mines valuable minerals from deposit by in-situ modifying the physical and chemical properties of deposit.The concept and connotation of the IMMF method was introduced in detail.Some core contents,including fundamental theories,technical principles,and industry and/or engineering applied,were systematically elaborated.The prominent connotations are reflected in that using physical and/or chemical methods to modify the properties of deposit and mineral under in-situ conditions,that the modified deposit becoming more porous,mineral becoming fluidized and improved,and that finally realizing to mine valuable mineral by fluidization.Based on the evolved characteristics of deposit’s properties,the IMMF’s scientific issues cover residual skeleton and non-residual skeleton.Hence,the fundamental theories mainly include the evolution laws of ore-mass properties coupled by thermo(T)-hydro(H)-mechano(M)-chemical(C)effect,and non-linear theoretical models in the above two issues involving the THMC coupling.The technical principles involve in the criterion of the IMMF application,physical and/or chemical in-situ modification.The criterion is built by the percolation theory of three-dimensional pore-fissure dual media.The industry and/or engineering applied,and the present situation and development prospects of the corresponding IMMF technology and engineering were further elaborated.The industry and/or engineering includes coalbed methane,rock-salt ore,oil shale,radioactive and non-ferrous metal ores,natural gas hydrate,low-metamorphic coal and hot dry rock geothermal energy.The IMMF method will powerfully promote the efficient and clean mining on the new and extensive next-generation unconventional geo-resources and geo-energy.