齿轮滑油对轿车齿轮传动效率和燃油经济性的影响

1．首先应当考虑轿车的油耗只和摩擦学有关，其中影响最明显的是润滑油。2．采用测量润滑方法只能阐述机械损失，因此，燃油经济性实现改善的可能性受到了限制，特别当考虑齿轮高效率的时候，3．在评价粘性对燃油消耗的影响时，所谓粘性必须考虑有效粘性，对这非牛顿油是非常重要的，4．按SAE粘度梯度降低齿轮油粘度，将可使燃油消耗在高温时降低0．2－1．5％，低温时降低0．4－2．5％。5．在齿轮油中应用摩擦改良时，燃油消耗的实际降低在1．0－6．0％之间。6．减少摩阻50％的基础上，考虑不同的传动过程，燃油消耗降低为其他齿轮油1．0－5．1％之间。7．汽车齿轮试验，使燃油消耗改善大小顺序按为其他齿轮油1％。8．测量结果确定计算估价的原则。

Gear Oil Inflwences on Effciency of Gear and Fuel Economy of Cars W. J. Bartz

First of all, it should be considered that the fuel consumption of a car depends on a set of parameters only partly related to tribology. Their influence is much more pronounce than that of the lubricant. 2. Only the mechanical losses can be decreased by lubricant related measures. Therefore, the fuel economy improvement that possibly might be realized is rather limited, especially when taking into account the rather high efficiency of gears. 3. When evaluating the influence of viscosity on fuel consumption, the so called effective viscosity must be taken into account. This is most important for non Newtonian oils. 4. Reducing the gear oil viscosity by one SAE viscosity grade will result in fuel consumption reductions of 0.2 1.5 per cent at high temperatures and 0.4 2.5 per cent at low temperatures. 5. Using friction modifiers in gear oils, fuel consumption reductions of between 1.0 and 6.0 per cent are realistic. 6. On the basis of a 50 per cent friction reduction maximum fuel consumption reductions between 1.0 and 5.1 per cent by other gear oils are possible, considering different driving programmes. 7. Tests with a real automobile gear resulted in fuel economy improvements of the order of magnitudes of 1 per cent by other gear oils. 8. The results of measurements confirm in principle the calculated estimations.