基于TOA和DOA联合估计的UWB定位方法

对于UWB定位系统而言，利用时间参数估计信号源的位置需要多个参考节点，这样增加了系统的开销。如果参考节点既能估计目标源的时间参数又能估计角度参数，理论上一个参考节点就可以确定目标源的位置。该文提出一种UWB系统TOA(到达时间)和DOA(到达角度)参数联合估计的定位方法，该方法使用矩阵束算法估计出时间参数和角度参数，进而得到目标的相对坐标。该方法通过单个接收机就可以确定目标的位置，减少了定位系统负担。仿真实验证实了该方法估计时延和角度精度较高，而且定位精度能够达到厘米级，是一种简单可行的UWB系统定位方法。

UWB Positioning System Based on Joint TOA and DOA Estimation

For UWB positioning system based on time delay estimation, there must be multiple reference nodes which increase the cost of system. If the reference source node can estimate the Time Of Arrival (TOA) and Direction Of Arrival (DOA) together, the location of the target can be obtained with only one reference node. In this paper, a UWB positioning system based on joint TOA and DOA estimation is proposed. The algorithm of estimation is based on Matrix Pencil (MP), and then relative coordinates of the target can be obtained. The advantage of the approach with one receiver is low cost for system. Through simulations, it is proved that the accuracy of delay and angle estimation is good, and positioning accuracy can achieve centimeter-level. It is available and practical method of UWB positioning systems which is proposed in this paper.