超声波法从葡萄籽中提取原花青素

研究了从葡萄籽中提取原花青素的改进工艺,主要考察超声波作用对原花青素提取率和提取物含量的影响,并与传统溶剂法进行了对比。实验表明,把风干的葡萄籽破碎成0 6～1mm的微小颗粒,先按1g葡萄籽加3mL溶剂的比例加入石油醚,常温浸泡48h脱除油脂;再按照1g葡萄籽加20mL溶剂的比例,分别用乙醇〔w(C2H5OH)=95%〕、丙酮〔w(CH3COCH3)=99%〕和纯水在常温下浸泡2h,浸泡期间采用超声波震荡加强传质,原花青素的提取率分别达到4 63%、4 59%和2 55%(以葡萄籽的投料质量计算),提取率分别比不施加超声波震荡的传统溶剂提取法提高11%、66%和48%。

Extraction of Proanthocyanidins from Grape Seeds with Ultrasonic Wave

Ultrasonic wave was applied to extraction of proanthocyanidins from grape seeds.Compared with traditional solvent extraction method,the effects of ultrasonic wave on extraction efficiency and product concentration were studied.The dried grape seeds were crushed down to 0.6～1 mm and soaked in first solvent,in the ratio of 1 g grape seeds to 3 mL petroleum ether,at room temperature for 48 hours to remove the lipid,then soaked with ultrasonic wave at room temperature for 2 hours in the second solvent,in the ratio of 1 g grape seeds to 20 mL second solvent.The second solvents were ethanol 〔w(C_2H_5OH)= 95%〕,acetone〔w(CH_3COCH_3)=99%〕 and pure water.The results showed that the yields were respectively 4.63%,4.59% and 2.55% based on the weight of grape seeds used,and the extraction efficiencies were respectively 11%,66% and 48% higher than that of the process without ultrasonic wave.