城市公共用水的节水和污水再生利用潜力分析

城市公共用水的管理与需求控制是城市水资源可持续利用的必然要求.基于终端用水分析原理,建立了公共用水部门节水与污水再生利用综合评估模型(MWUM模型).在此基础上,以北京市为例,分析了其公共用水潜力的结构、技术与经济特征.北京市公共各行业用水结构基本保持稳定,机关用水所占比重较大;节水率较大的宾馆和院校的单位节水成本最小,是城市公共节水的重点领域;污水再生利用的单位成本与节水成本具有可比性,节水与再生水利用应统筹考虑.

Potential analysis on public water conservation and wastewater reclamation

Management and consumption control for public water supply and wastewater reuse is essential to sustainable municipal water resources utilization. In this paper an established integrated model (MWUM model) based on end user analysis techniques to evaluate the water conservation and wastewater reclamation for public consumption is reported. Based on the model simulation, properties of those potentials for public consumption in Beijing are analyzed in details from structural, technical and economic aspects. Results show that currently the public water use structure in Beijing is stable, and among all the nine categories the water consumption for offices occupies the first. Hotels and schools have high water saving rates and low cost of conserved water. Cost of wastewater reuse lies in those of water saving of all categories,indicating that it is better to make intergrated decisions taking into account both of them.