节能与舒适 表皮材料的建筑性能表现及其设计应用

文章指出建筑能耗和环境舒适是建筑性能表现的主要方面之一,同时是绿色建筑概念所强调的重要内容。然而能耗最小化的节能设计和舒适最大化的设计却存在着一定的矛盾,如果将二者放置在建筑表皮的关联中,会发现表皮材料在这个矛盾关系中扮演着非常重要的角色。为了平衡这种矛盾关系,对建筑表皮材料的特征分析,应该综合考虑建筑位置、整体形态和朝向、建筑内部的功能布局、使用者活动空间、空间使用特征,甚至使用者的背景和行为模式等因素。文章通过案例分析研究,提出基于整体设计和基于使用者群体特征的两个思路,并阐述了其中的建筑表皮的材料特征及其设计应用。

Indoor Comfort and Energy Saving Building Performance Created by Envelope Materials

Building performance includes energy consumption and indoor environmental comfort, which are also important aspects emphasized in the concept of green building. However, some conflicts exist in the relations between energy-efficient design and comfort-oriented design. It can be found that materials of building envelopes play a critical role in these relations. In order to hinge the balance of energy saving and environmental comfort, any study in building envelope materials should utilize a comprehensive methodology pertaining to the building locations, orientations, architectural functions and layout, occupied spaces, space utilization, and even occupants＇ backgrounds and behavioral patterns. Based on the case studies and our research projects, this paper proposes two solutions to this question： integrated design and occupant- centered design, in particular, the characteristics and the performance of the envelope materials in these two design approaches are emphasized.