基于GIS的重大危险源风险管理辅助决策系统

建立基于GIS（地理信息系统）的重大危险源风险管理辅助决策软件系统，包括数据管理、风险分析和事故应急救援辅助决策3个子系统。根据相关规范设计了数据结构，通过数据普查建立城市级重大危险源信息数据库；考虑模型计算精度和效率，建立事故后果模拟评价模型库，结合GIS技术实现重大危险源风险评价功能；在GIS平台上展现事故场景和周边环境，完成人员撤离路径选择、应急救援资源的检索和最短路径查找等操作，有力地辅助事故应急救援决策。通过液化天然气罐区泄漏事故的实例演示了系统各项功能。该系统目前已应用于某副省级城市的重大危险源监管工作，系统的实用性得到了实际验证。

GIS-BASED ASSISTANT DECISION-MAKING SYSTEM FOR RISK MANAGEMENT OF MAJOR HAZARD INSTALLATION

This paper describes studies on a geographic information system(GIS) based assistant decision making system which was build up by three sub systems including data management, risk analysis, and assistant decision making for emergency rescue. The data management could be operated by setting up city level major hazards installation database by data survey according to the designed data structure under some related principles; The risk analysis could perform high risk evaluation by combining GIS and post accidents results simulation models database, which was made by considering both calculation accuracy and efficiency; The assistant decision making could be carried out easily on GIS platform by showing up accident scene and neighbouring environment, selecting an option for evacuating routes, searching for emergency aid sources, and looking for the shortest route for escape. Meanwhile, this study demonstrated all the functions of this system by an actual LNG leaking accident which happened in a LNG tank area. This system has been already applied in major hazards installation supervising in a sub provincial city, where this system is proved to be significantly practical and helpful.