现代长度测量方法综述

为了解近年来长度测量技术的发展现状,综述了从天文尺度到微观尺度各数量级长度量的测量方法。介绍了包括天体距离、常规尺度长度量以及微观尺度长度量的测量中所涉及的光学测量和电学测量中各测量方法的基本原理。重点介绍了纳米尺度的位移测量方法,并展望了长度量测量仪器更高精度化和微型化的发展趋势。

Survey on Modern Measuring Method of Distance

In order to study recent developing status of measuring technology of distance, the measuring methods of distance in various scales from astronomic to microcosmic are summarized. The basic measuring principles of these methods, which contain optical and electrical measurememt related to celestial-body distance,normal distance and microcosmic distance, are introduced. The measuring method of displacement in nanometer scale is emphasized, and the developing trend for higher precision and miniaturization is prospected.