铝/燕尾槽钢爆炸焊接的研究

为研究熔点、强度等性能相差较大金属板的爆炸焊接,实验采用尺寸为5 mm×300 mm×300 mm的1060铝板与28 mm×300 mm×300 mm Q345燕尾槽钢板分别作为爆炸焊接的覆板和基板。爆炸焊接炸药采用铝蜂窝乳化炸药,然后通过爆炸焊接公式得到焊接参数,使铝与燕尾槽钢爆炸焊接时铝板内表面产生金属射流,而钢板内表面只发生塑性变形。结果表明,铝板与燕尾槽钢板依靠冶金结合以及燕尾槽的挤压啮合共同作用复合在一起,比传统铝-钢爆炸焊接节约炸药31%以上,降低了铝-钢复合板爆炸焊接窗口下限。爆炸复合板界面结合紧密,其面积比传统铝-钢爆炸复合板大141%,剪切强度大于79 MPa,满足铝-钢复合板结合强度的要求。

Explosive Welding of Aluminum-steel of Dovetail Groove

To study the explosive welding of metal plates with larger different melting point and strength, the experiment used aluminum plate with dimension of 5 mm×300 mm×300 mm and steel plate of dovetail groove with dimension of 28 mm×300 mm×300 mm were used as flyer plate and base plate, respectively. The explosive material used in explosive welding was an emulsion explosive which was in aluminum honeycomb panel. Explosive welding parameters were selected by theoretical formulas, which made the inner surface aluminum plate come into being metal jet, and the inner surface of steel plate merely form plastic deformation. Results show that aluminum plate and steel plate of dovetail groove are welded together relying on combined action of metallurgical bonding, and extraction and meshing of dovetail grooves, which can save more explosives than those of traditional aluminum-steel explosive welding by over 31%, and reduce the lower limit of explosive welding window of aluminum and steel clad plate. Interface of the explosive clad plate is combined closely, whose combined area is 141 percent bigger than that of traditional aluminum-steel explosive clad plate, and whose shear strength are higher than 79 MPa, then mechanical properties of the explosive cladding plate meet the requirements of bonding strength of aluminum alloy-steel clad plate.