How miRNAs Regulate Schwann Cells during Peripheral Nerve Regeneration—A Systemic Review |
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| Authors: | Anton Borger Sarah Stadlmayr Maximilian Haertinger Lorenz Semmler Paul Supper Flavia Millesi Christine Radtke |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.B.); (S.S.); (M.H.); (L.S.); (P.S.); (F.M.);2.Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1090 Vienna, Austria |
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| Abstract: | A growing body of studies indicate that small noncoding RNAs, especially microRNAs (miRNA), play a crucial role in response to peripheral nerve injuries. During Wallerian degeneration and regeneration processes, they orchestrate several pathways, in particular the MAPK, AKT, and EGR2 (KROX20) pathways. Certain miRNAs show specific expression profiles upon a nerve lesion correlating with the subsequent nerve regeneration stages such as dedifferentiation and with migration of Schwann cells, uptake of debris, neurite outgrowth and finally remyelination of regenerated axons. This review highlights (a) the specific expression profiles of miRNAs upon a nerve lesion and (b) how miRNAs regulate nerve regeneration by acting on distinct pathways and linked proteins. Shedding light on the role of miRNAs associated with peripheral nerve regeneration will help researchers to better understand the molecular mechanisms and deliver targets for precision medicine. |
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| Keywords: | Schwann cell proliferation Schwann cell migration Wallerian degeneration myelination biomarker nerve injury expression profile microRNA pathway peripheral nerve protein nerve mRNA nerve precision medicine |
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