天线副瓣对雷达探测的影响研究

雷达天线均有副瓣，而且覆盖主瓣以外的所有区域。为了分析天线副瓣辐射对雷达探测的影响，建立了副瓣辐射、副瓣接收模型，给出了副瓣损耗因子、杂波增强因子与天线主瓣零点宽度、平均副瓣电平的关系公式。理论分析和计算表明，天线副瓣对雷达最大探测距离有一定的影响，对副瓣自卫距离有较大的影响，对杂波的影响很小。当天线副瓣较低时（平均副瓣电平优于-30 dB），副瓣损耗因子对最大探测距离的影响可忽略不计；当天线副瓣较高时（平均副瓣电平-27～-20 dB），副瓣损耗因子对最大探测距离的影响应予考虑。

Study on Influnce of Antenna Sidelobes on Radar Detection

All radar antenna have sidelobes.In order to analyse the influence of antenna sidelobes on ra-dar detection,the antenna sidelobe radiation and receive model is established,the relationship of sidelobe ra-diation loss factor and clutter enhancement factor between antenna mainlobe width and average sidelobe level is established.Analysis and computation results demonstrate that the sidelobes have a lot of influences on ra-dar max detection range and self-defense range,and less influence on receive clutter.When antenna sidelobes are very low（average sidelobe level less than -30 dB）,the influence on radar max detection range can be ig-nored;otherwise,the influence on radar max detection range must be considered.