某420 kA大型电解槽电热场测试和分析

针对某铝厂420 kA大型铝电解槽进行了全面的电、热场测试,对该槽型的运行情况进行分析。测试了该电解槽阳极、阴极、母线等各部分的欧姆压降,并和设计值进行了比较。测试并计算了立柱母线、阴极、阳极电流分布,比较了和设计值的偏差。测试了该槽型的炉膛形状,分析了高电流密度电解槽的炉膛形成规律。对电解槽的散热和能量平衡进行了详细的计算分析,为大型槽的内衬设计提供了依据。测试发现,该420 kA电解系列由于采用了保温型的设计,电解槽各部分散热比例和传统散热型电解槽有非常大的差异,特别是槽底部,只占电解槽散热的3%以内,比传统7%的散热比例要小得多。结合各项测试内容和生产情况,针对我国大型电解槽的设计提出改进建议。

Test and Analysis of Electric Thermal Field of a 420 kA Large Electrolytic Cell

A comprehensive electric and thermal field test was performed for a 420 kA large aluminum electrolytic cell in an aluminum plant,and the operation of the tank was analyzed.The ohmic voltage drop of the anode,cathode,bus bar and other parts of the electrolytic cell was tested and compared with the design value.Tested and calculated the current distribution of the column bus,cathode and anode,and compared the deviation from the design value.The shape of the hearth of the groove was tested,and the formation rule of the hearth of the high current density electrolytic cell was analyzed.The calculation and analysis of the heat dissipation and energy balance of the electrolytic cell were carried out in detail,which provided a basis for the design of the inner lining of the large cell.The test found that due to the thermal insulation design of the 420 kA electrolytic series,the heat dissipation ratio of each part of the electrolytic cell is very different from that of the traditional heat-dissipating electrolytic cell,especially the bottom of the cell,which accounts for less than 3%of the heat dissipation of the electrolytic cell.The traditional 7%heat dissipation ratio is much smaller.Combining various test contents and production conditions,suggestions for improving the design of large-scale electrolytic cells in China are proposed.