船舶辐射噪声源模型的试验验证

任何船舶在运动过程中其机械设备的运转，以及船体本身的运动，都不可避免地会产生噪声，这种噪声在水中向周围传播，就在水下形成了随时间和空间分布的船舶辐射噪声场。由于船舶体积庞大、设备众多，在近场是一个十分复杂的体积声源，其声场具有时、空变化特性和指向性，在测量船舶水下辐射噪声时,为保证获得足够的信噪比,通常只能在近距离进行测量。因此开展船舶体积声源的建模研究，是十分重要和必要的。为了验证浅海波导条件下的船舶辐射噪声源模型，在某浅海海域，测量了一艘渔政船的辐射噪声。实测数据的处理结果验证了船舶辐射噪声源模型的有效性，即利用建立的船舶辐射噪声源模型可有效地描述体积声源的声场分布。本文的研究成果对于分析船舶目标的固有特性具有指导意义。

Validity test of radiated noise sources model of ship

Usually the radiated noise of the ship is measured only at near distance to ensure enough signal to noise ratio. So it is highly important to study the modeling of the volume source of ship. In order to show the validity of the suggested model of radiated noise sources of ship at shallow wave guide, the radiated noise of a fishery ship was measured. Experimental results show that the established model is effective, which means that the ship noise sources can be described as some distributed multi-poles along the ship. The conclusion is helpful to understand the internal characteristics of ship.