机构运动形式对圆柱面表面形貌影响的实验研究

目的在自行研制的双平面方式圆柱外圆加工设备上,分析不同运动形式对圆柱面表面形貌的影响,以提高其工作性能,延长其工作寿命。方法在上研磨盘、下研磨盘、偏心轮和外齿圈的转速大小恒定的条件下,对不同的运动形式进行研究,观察加工前后圆柱面的宏观形貌和微观形貌,并进行比较。结果当上研磨盘、下研磨盘、偏心轮和外齿圈同时转动时,加工后的圆柱面宏观形貌没有明显的划痕和加工纹路,表面形貌最好,表面粗糙度为0.124μm;当偏心轮和外齿圈转动,其他不转动时,加工后的圆柱面存在最明显的条纹状加工纹路和划痕,表面形貌最差,表面粗糙度为0.171μm。结论在运动形式和转速组合的设计时,应使加工轨迹均匀分布,尽量增加圆柱面圆周方向的材料去除,减少圆柱面轴线方向的材料去除,选择合理的比例有助于改善圆柱面的表面质量。

Effect of Motion Types on Cylindrical Surface Topography

Objective The effect of different motion types on the cylindrical surface topography was analyzed on the self-devel-oped both-sides lapping machine to improve the work performance and extend its working life. Methods Under conditions of the given rotation speeds of the upper and lower plates, the eccentric wheel and the outer ring gear, the different motion types were studied, and the macroscopic and microscopic cylindrical surface topography was observed and compared. Results When the upper and lower plates, the eccentric wheel and outer ring gear rotated simultaneously, there were no obvious scratches and processing traces on cylindrical surface topography after processing, and the best surface topography was obtained, with the surface roughness Ra being 0. 124 μm. When the eccentric wheel and the outer ring gear rotated, but the others not, the most obvious scratches and processing traces were observed on cylindrical surface topography after processing, and the worst surface topography was obtained, with the surface roughness Ra being 0. 171 μm. Conclusion When designing motion types and speeds combination, the processing trajectory should be adjusted to distribute uniformly on the cylindrical surface, and the material removal in the circumferential di-rection of the cylindrical surface should be maximized, while the material removal in the axial direction should be minimized. A reasonable proportion between them can improve the cylindrical surface quality.