稠油降解菌的筛选及特性研究

以稠油为唯一碳源,用平板划线法从被稠油污染的土壤中成功提取3株稠油降解菌F-1,F-2,F-3。稠油降解实验结果表明,经过F系列菌作用后,乳状液的类型均转变为O/W型;菌株F-2生长速度快,环境适应能力强,微生物量达到2.34×10~9个/g,排油圈直径为5.6cm,稠油降解率高达到80.25%;将菌株F-2所产生物表面活性剂从发酵液中提取纯化后进行红外光谱分析,初步断定稠油降解菌所产生的生物表面活性剂为糖与环酯结合形成的不饱和糖酯类物质。

ISOLATION OF VISCOUS OIL DEGRADING MICROORGANISM AND CHARACTERIZATION

Three viscous oil degrading strains (F-1, F-2 and F-3) were isolated from viscous oil contaminated soil using viscous oil as the sole carbon source and their characteristics were investigated. The experimental results showed that F series strain could effectively degrade the heavy components of crude oil, and the emulsion type was transformed from W/O type into O/W type. Among these three strains, F-2 strain was the best having fast growth rate and good environmental adaptability. The microbial biomass of F-2 strain was 2.34×109 cfu/g, its oil spreading diameter was 5.6 cm and the viscous oil degrading rate of F-2 strain reached 80.25%. Biosurfactant from F-2 strain was extracted and determined by FT-IR after purification. Results showed that the obtained biosurfactant was mainly unsaturated glycolipid material formed by sugar and ring ester.