日本轨道站城协同指向型的城市开发策略和方法

针对国内城市轨道建设中站城分离的现状问题，研究日本城市轨道站城协同的开发策略和方法，借鉴其轨道建设和城市开发一体化的经验。日本通过逐步进阶的轨道发展过程，轨道站周边区域已经成为了城市的发展核心，轨道网络主导了城市空间的架构。通过多元化的国私企业经营方式，土地区划调整和再开发工程等发展策略，日本不断完善站城协同的建设方法。具体来看，以轨道交通为主导的城市开发分为两种模式，分别是枢纽站开发模式和郊外新城开发模式，其中前者包括了大规模TOD一体化开发城区、交通枢纽站中心和地区站点中心3种类型，体现出多线集聚型开发的特征；而后者体现出沿线型开发、新城模式、公共交通主导的特征。希望借鉴日本高密度城市的轨道城市发展经验，为促进国内城市轨道事业的高效集约化发展提供参考和启示。

Strategy and Method of Urban Development with Inspiration from Station-City Coordination in Japan

The ongoing urban rail construction in China faces the challenge of separation between public transit stations and cities. This paper studies the strategies and methods of urban construction with the directional mode of station-city coordination in Japan to draws lessons from their urban rail construction strategies and integration of station-city development. Through the progress of track development in Japan, the surrounding area of the railway station has become the urban core, with the track network dominating the structure of urban space. Diverse operation of state-owned and private enterprises, strategies such as adjustment of land regionalization, projects of redevelopment, and the construction methods of station-city coordination have been constantly improved and perfected in Japan. Specifically, there are two modes of an urban development project based on rail transit, that is the nub station and new town in suburban. The former includes three types of development, including an urban area of large-scale TOD integrated development, a traffic hub center, and a regional site center, which contains the characteristics of multi-line development. The latter is characterized by development along the trail line, the creation of a new town as guided by public transportation. This paper aims to draw lessons from the experience of urban rail development in high-density cities of Japan and provide reference and inspiration for the promotion of efficient and intensive development of urban rail undertakings in China.