磁性石墨烯复合材料制备与应用研究进展

石墨烯具备多种优异的性能，但容易通过π-π堆积和范德华力作用产生聚集，重新堆叠成石墨。为了改善石墨烯的堆叠问题，提高石墨烯材料的应用性，越来越多的研究者将石墨烯及其衍生物和磁性纳米粒子复合，制备综合性能更优的新型材料。本文结合近年来国内外研究报道，总结了磁性石墨烯纳米复合材料的制备方法（水热/溶剂热、化学接枝法、微波辅助法等），概述了磁性石墨烯复合材料在环境样品分离富集、催化、涂层耐腐蚀性、吸波材料及能源等方面的应用，指出了目前磁性石墨烯复合材料研究中存在的一些问题，例如磁性颗粒容易发生团聚、生物安全性有待验证、氧化石墨烯的还原导致其表面吸附位点减少等。目前（氧化）石墨烯的制备工艺正在得到改善，而未来最重要的发展方向是加强对磁性石墨烯的表面改性，从而可使其表面具有更丰富的吸附位点，同时也可使石墨烯表面的磁性纳米粒子的形态及分布更均匀，更有利于稳定发挥磁性石墨烯的功能性。

Progress in preparation and application of magnetic graphene composites

Graphene has a variety of excellent properties, however, it is easy to aggregate to restack into graphite by π-π stacking and van der Waals force. In order to solve the stacking problem and improve the applicability of graphene materials, graphene and its derivatives have been combined with magnetic nanoparticles to obtain new functional materials with high performance. Based on the recent internal and international research works, the preparation methods of magnetic graphene nanocomposites such as hydrothermal, solvothermal, chemical grafting and microwave-assisted methods are summarized. The application of magnetic graphene composite materials in the separation and enrichment of environmental samples, catalysis, corrosion resistance of coatings, wave-adsorbing material and energy area are introduced. Some problems of magnetic graphene composite materials, such as the tendency to agglomeration of magnetic particles, the verification of its biological safety and the reduction of adsorption sites led by graphene oxide reduction are pointed out. At present, the preparation technology of graphene (oxide) is improving and the most important research in the future is the surface modification of magnetic graphene, which can make the surface of graphene have more adsorption sites, and also lead to the more uniform morphology and distribution of magnetic nanoparticles on graphene surface, being conducive to the stable play of the functional properties of magnetic graphene.