塑料衍生碳材料用于超级电容器的研究现状

塑料制品的过度使用，导致了严重的环境问题。将废旧塑料回收并转化为高附加值的碳材料并用于超级电容器等储能装置有着重要的意义，能够有效地降低环境污染并节约能源。本文首先对超级电容器的应用情况和塑料的使用以及回收处理现状进行了简单叙述，介绍了常见的废弃塑料处理方法、超级电容器的储能特点以及利用废弃塑料制备超级电容器碳材料的潜在价值；接着介绍了多孔碳电极材料的制备方法，对不同的制备方法的具体要求及其优缺点进行了简单分析；随后介绍了几种生活中常见的塑料，按照这些塑料的种类，分别对这些常见塑料回收用作超级电容器碳材料的研究现状进行了详细概述；最后对目前的研究现状进行总结，并对未来的研究方向进行展望。将废弃塑料回收并转化为超级电容器用活性碳材料，是一种新型的废弃塑料回收再利用的有效手段，能够有效地解决白色污染问题。

Progress on carbon materials derived from waste plastic for supercapacitors

The overuse of plastic products has caused serious environmental problems. It is of great importance to recycle waste plastics and convert them into high value-added materials, which can reduce pollution and save energy effectively. In this review, firstly, the application of supercapacitors and the current state of plastic recycling were stated, and waste plastic treatment methods, the energy storage characteristics of supercapacitors and the potential value of using waste plastics to prepare carbon materials for supercapacitors were introduced. Then, the preparation methods of porous carbon electrode materials were presented, and the specific requirements of the methods and their advantages and disadvantages were briefly analyzed. Next, some kinds of common plastics were introduced according to the type of plastics, and the research status of these common plastics used as carbon materials for supercapacitor was summarized. Recycling and converting waste plastics into activated carbon materials for supercapacitors was a new type of waste plastic recycling and reuse mothed, which can solve the problem of white pollution effectively.