R-adapted arbitrary lagrangian-eulerian finite-element method in metal-forming simulation

In this article, mesh adaptation techniques have been used with the arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian finite-element method for analysis of metal-forming problems. The r-method of node relocation has been found suitable for this purpose and is driven by errors based on effective plastic strain. Two forming simulations for elastic-viscoplastic materials have been executed under plane-strain conditions, and the effect of mesh adaptation has been studied.