Deconstructing the Rosenfeld curve: Making sense of California's low electricity intensity |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering, Engineering Statistics and Econometrics Application Research Laboratory, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, 204B Ketter Hall, Buffalo, NY 14260, United States;2. Department of Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering, Institute for Sustainable Transportation and Logistics, Engineering Statistics and Econometrics Application Research Laboratory, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, 241 Ketter Hall, Buffalo, NY 14260, United States;1. School of Economics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China;2. School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China;1. National Engineering Research Center of Highway Maintenance Technology, School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Wanjiali South Road 2nd Section No. 960, Changsha, Hunan 410114, China;2. Department of Civil, Environmental, Aerospace, Materials Engineering, University of Palermo, Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy;3. National Center for Asphalt Technology, Auburn University, 277 Technology Parkway, Auburn, AL 36830, United States;4. Materials Control, Soils & Testing Division, West Virginia Division of Highways, 190 Dry Branch Drive, Charleston, WV 25306, United States;1. Departamento de Economía de la Universidad de Acalá, Plaza de la Victoria, 3, 28802 Alcalá de Henares, Spain;2. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Spain;3. Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Spain |
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| Abstract: | Regulatory regimes that have increased household energy efficiency are of widespread interest to policymakers today. A prominent example is the state of California where electricity intensities in the residential sector have stayed near constant since the 1970s in sharp contrast to nationwide trends in the United States. A structural model of residential energy consumption is used to show that the use of energy intensities alone to evaluate the success of California efficiency programs is misleading and glosses over important policy independent factors. We quantify important effects of price, climate conditions and demographic characteristics on energy consumption in California. We also provide evidence of split incentive considerations in residential energy consumption patterns. We conclude that while state policy may have had some effect on efficiency, caution needs to be exercised in using the California example to inform expectations from similar measures in other regions. |
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