超空泡航行体控制面与主空泡相互作用分析

基于有限体积法，采用均相流模型和流体体积方法开展超空泡航行体在不同空泡流型及不同控制面舵角情况下空化流场数值模拟，研究穿刺空泡情况下超空泡航行体尾部控制面与航行体主空泡之间的相互作用。数值模拟结果表明：航行体主空泡对控制面的影响表现为不同流型下控制面沾湿深度不同，沾湿深度变化量最大可达50%以上，控制面流体动力受沾湿深度影响明显；航行体尾部控制面对主空泡闭合有迟滞作用，主空泡长度平均增量约为3%，控制面存在舵角时将会引起控制面之后的航行体主空泡形态变化，可引起航行体出现不对称沾湿面，且尾部闭合流型受影响最大。因此，超空泡航行体空泡流型设计与控制律设计时应充分考虑控制面与航行体主空泡之间的相互作用。

Numerical Research on Interaction between Control Surfaces and Main Cavity of Supercavitating Vehicles

The homogeneous multiphase model and volume of fluid (VOF) method are used to simulate the interaction between control surface and main cavity of supercavitaing vehicle (SCV) under different flow patterns of cavity and angles of attack of control surface.Numerical result shows that the vehicle cavity shape affects the submersion depth of the control surfaces,and the variation of submersion depth is up to above 50 percent.The hydrodynamics of control surface is obviously affected by the variation of submersion depth.The length of main cavity is enlarged by 3 percent in average due to the presence of control surface,the cross shape of main cavity could be significantly changed when there is an angle of attack of the control faces,and the cavity shape of SCV experienced a worst deformation under a base closure cavity flow pattern.The interaction between control surface and main cavity of supercavitating vehicle should be taken into consideration during the design process of cavity flow pattern and control law.