Italian translation,validation, and repeatability of Standard Patient Evaluation of Eye Dryness (SPEED) Questionnaire |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Psychology, University of Milano Bicocca, Milano, Italy;2. Institute of Research and Studies in Optics and Optometry, Vinci, Italy;3. School of Mathematical, Physical and Natural Sciences (Optics and Optometry), University of Florence, Italy;1. Centre for Ocular Research & Education, Waterloo, Canada;2. School of Optometry & Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada;3. Schaeffer Eye Center, Birmingham, Alabama, United States;4. BBR Optometry, Hereford, United Kingdom;1. Centre for Ocular Research and Education (CORE), School of Optometry and Vision Science. University of Waterloo, 200 Columbia St W, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada;2. Centre for Eye and Vision Research (CEVR), 17W Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong;1. Illinois College of Optometry, Chicago, IL, USA;2. OCULUS Inc, Arlington, Washington;3. North Suburban Vision Consultants and International Keratoconus Academy, Deerfield IL, USA;1. Centre for Ocular Research & Education (CORE), School of Optometry & Vision Science, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada;2. CooperVision Incorporated, 6101 Bollinger Canyon Rd, Suite 500, San Ramon, CA 94583, USA;3. Centre for Eye and Vision Research (CEVR), 17W Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong;1. College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK;2. Optometry Department, Birmingham and Midland Eye Centre, Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust, Birmingham, B18 7QH, UK;1. Independent Consultant, Warwickshire, UK;2. Menicon Co. Ltd., Gatelodge Close Round Spinney Northampton NN3 8RJ, United Kingdom;3. College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, United Kingdom |
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| Abstract: | PurposeThe assessment of symptoms of dry eye disease using a questionnaire is an effective and simple method of quantifying symptoms. The aim of this study was to translate the SPEED questionnaire and adapt it for the Italian language and verify the main psychometric performance of the translated version, including repeatability and agreement.MethodsThe SPEED questionnaire was translated into Italian following a standard methodology. The resulting questionnaire was administered to 206 adult participants in order to perform a validation analysis. A subgroup of 82 participants was retested after one week to give a repeatability and agreement assessment.ResultsInternal consistency showed an alpha of 0.852 (95% CI 0.818–0.881) and no unnecessary items. The factor analysis showed a saturation for three main factors related to (i) Dryness and Soreness, (ii) Fatigue, and (iii) Burning. Repeatability was high, with a CCC of 0.896 (95% CI 0.844–0.931). Agreement analysis showed no significant bias between sessions and an interval of agreement of 5 points for SPEED score.ConclusionThe translation and adaptation of the SPEED questionnaire for the Italian language have demonstrated good psychometric properties for the translated questionnaire, confirming and expanding the original psychometric characteristics. Consequently, the SPEED questionnaire could be used to measure the presence of symptoms of dry eye quantitatively. |
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| Keywords: | Dry eye Ocular discomfort Questionnaire SPEED Psychometric |
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