东非地区沉积盆地油气潜力浅析

东非地区发育众多克拉通内陆裂谷和被动大陆边缘盆地，但对其勘探程度一直较低，也未发现大的油气田。随着世界对油气资源需求的日益增加，东非将成为未来国际石油勘探的重要地区。调研了大量区域地质和油气地质资料，认为东非地区沉积盆地是在前寒武系基底上发育起来的古生代、中生代和新生代复合-叠合盆地，总体上具有古生界Karoo群生气、中生界发育有利成藏组合、新生界盆地不利于油气保存等特点；保存较完整的Karoo群下部成藏组合、索马里-莫桑比克沿海中-新生代盆地、后期构造较为稳定的第三纪裂谷、与苏丹和红海相邻的东非沉积盆地是勘探或评价的潜在目标和地区。

A STUDY ON PETROLEUM GEOLOGY AND HYDROCARBON POTENTIAL IN EASTERN AFRICA

Multiple intra-Craton rift and passive marginal sedimentary basins are developed in eastern Africa. Since the exploration degree was very low, only several natural gas fields were discovered. With the increasing demand for hydrocarbon all over the world, eastern Africa will be the new important area for petroleum exploration and development. Based on studies of regional geology and petroleum geology in eastern Africa, this paper concludes that these basins are composite basins that were developed on the Cambrian base during Tertiary. Several basic characteristics of petroleum geology are generating gas in the Karoo group of Paleozoic, generating oil in rock of Mesozoic and poor preservation in the basins of Cenozoic. The potential exploration and evaluation targets are reservoir groups below the Karoo Group, middle-Cenozoic basins along the seashore of Somalia-Mozambique, Tertiary rift basins, and sedimentary basins bordering on Sudan and Red Sea.