Transportation: meeting the dual challenges of achieving energy security and reducing greenhouse gas emissions |
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Authors: | Michael Quanlu Wang and Hong Huo |
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Affiliation: | (1) Center for Transportation Research, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA |
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Abstract: | As the population and economy continue to grow globally, demand for energy will continue to grow. The transportation sector
relies solely on petroleum for its energy supply. The United States and China are the top two oil-importing countries. A major
issue both countries face and are addressing is energy insecurity as a result of the demand for liquid fuels. Improvements
in the energy efficiency of vehicles and the substitution of petroleum fuels with alternative fuels can help contain growth
in the demand for transportation oil. Although most alternative transportation fuels — when applied to advanced vehicle technologies
— can substantially reduce greenhouse emissions, coal-based liquid fuels may increase greenhouse gas emissions by twice as
much as gasoline. Such technologies as carbon capture and storage may need to be employed to manage the greenhouse gas emissions
of coal-based fuels. At present, there is no ideal transportation fuel option to solve problems related to transportation
energy and greenhouse gas emissions. To solve these problems, research and development efforts are needed for a variety of
transportation fuel options and advanced vehicle technologies. |
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Keywords: | transportation energy energy security green-house gases alternative fuels vehicle technologies |
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