城市类型注重生态的建筑设计

在注重生态的建筑设计理论中，城市类型是其中之一，将注重生态的建筑设计划分为城市类型和乡村类型，是借鉴了西默尔对人的分类，这两种类型在初期分别带有的“技术决定论”和“生态决定论”的倾向，城市类型注重生态的建设理论和思想源泉来自富勒的“少费多用”，基本特点是对效率和技术的关注，在发展进程中这种思想逐渐完善，并开始关注建筑对生态环境的影响，对技术的关注也转向适宜技术和软技术，霍普金斯的英国新国会大厦具有一定的代表性。

THE URBAN TYPE ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN WITH ECOLOGICAL CONCERNS

The urban type design is one type of architectural design with ecological concerns, showing great interests in both the efficiency of resources using in built environment and the progress of technical applications in architecture. This article begins with a brief introduction to the background of ecological design divided into two main types which are the urban type and the rural type, then, discusses the developing context of urban type design, Finally ,this article thoroughtly analyses the New Parliamentary Building in London as a typical case.