浅析我国油气试采制度

目前我国油气勘查开采管理基本思路是实行探矿权、采矿权两分法,在探矿权转为采矿权的过渡阶段,设置了油气试采制度。近年来,在油气矿业权审批过程中发现,我国油气试采制度已无法满足油气试采的实际需求,从而给管理工作带来诸多问题。本文基于相关法律法规的规定和实际审批情况,在阐述试采概念及法律地位的基础上,系统梳理油气试采制度的由来及发展过程,总结了目前油气试采制度存在的问题。基于上述问题,在"两证管理制度"下提出了相应的解决措施:取消油气试采制度,以发放短期开采许可证的方式解决勘查开采衔接问题;制定相应配套措施的前提下,严格监督短期开采证到期后正式转采手续的办理;明确办理短期油气开采许可证的必要性和申请标准;以短期开采许可证解决油气由探转采过渡阶段的合理性及合法性;明确矿业权人在持有油气短期开采许可证期间的义务。这有利于解决油气勘探开发一体化与探采两分法之间的冲突,促进我国油气勘查开采有序衔接。

Analysis on China

At present, the certifications of both exploration and mining right are implemented in China. In the transition period from exploration right to mining right, oil and gas trial production system is set up. Based on the relevant laws and regulations and the actual situation of approval execution, this paper summarizes the concept and legal status of trial production. Furthermore the existing problems of the trial production system are systematically analyzed by reviewing its origin and evolution. Finally this paper puts forward the suggestions for the reformation of the current trial production system.