Thermal Expansion of Carbon Nanofiber-Reinforced Multiscale Polymer Composites |
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Authors: | Ronald L Poveda Sriniket Achar Nikhil Gupta |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Polytechnic Institute of New York University, Brooklyn, NY, 11201, USA
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Abstract: | Improved dimensional stability of composites is desired in applications where they are exposed to varying temperature conditions. The current study aims at analyzing the effect of vapor-grown carbon nanofibers (CNFs) on the thermal expansion behavior of epoxy matrix composites and hollow particle-filled composites (syntactic foams). CNFs have a lower coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) than epoxy resin, which results in composites with increased dimensional stability as the CNF content is increased. The experimental measurements show that with 10?wt.% CNF, the composite has about 11.6% lower CTE than the matrix resin. In CNF-reinforced syntactic foams, the CTE of the composite decreases with increasing wall thickness and volume fraction of hollow particle inclusions. With respect to neat epoxy resin, a maximum decrease of 38.4% is also observed in the CNF/syntactic foams with microballoon inclusions that range from 15?vol.% to 50?vol.% in all composite mixtures. The experimental results for CNF/syntactic foam are in agreement with a modified version of Kerner??s model. A combination of hollow microparticles and nanofibers has resulted in the ability to tailor the thermal expansion of the composite over a wide range. |
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