The effect of magnesium content on in vitro bioactivity,biological behavior and antibacterial activity of sol–gel derived 58S bioactive glass |
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| Authors: | Amirhossein Moghanian Arman Sedghi Alireza Ghorbanoghli Emad Salari |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge 02139, MA, USA;2. Department of Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, 424 Hafez Ave., Tehran 15875-4413, Iran;3. Department of Materials Engineering, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin 34149-16818, Iran;4. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran 19395-1999, Iran;5. Department of Material Science and Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1477893855, Iran |
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| Abstract: | Bioactive glasses (BGs) have a great potential for bone replacement and regeneration in bone tissue engineering applications. In this research, first, sol–gel derived magnesium substituted 58?S BGs (MBGs) series composed of 60SiO2–4P2O5-(36-x) CaO- xMgO, (x = 0; 1; 3; 5; 8 and 10?mol.%) were synthesized and stabilized at 700?°C to eliminate the nitrates and prevent the crystallization of MBGs. MgO was substituted for CaO in the BG formula up to 10?mol% and the effect of Mg concentration on in vitro bioactivity and cellular properties of the MBGs were investigated by immersing them in simulated body fluid (SBF) followed by structural characterization using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. The effects Mg on proliferation and differentiation of osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells were also evaluated by 3-(4,5dimethylthiazol-2-yl)??2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and alkaline phosphate (ALP) activity.Results revealed that magnesium-substituted 58?S BG with 5?mol% MgO (BG-5) had the highest formation rate of hydroxyapatite (HA) while substitution of 8?mol% and10 mol% MgO (BG-8 and BG-10) lowered the bioactivity. MTT and ALP results confirmed that the substitution of the MgO up to 5?mol% increased both proliferation and differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells, while more substitution had a negative effect and resulted in a decrease of proliferation and differentiation in BG-8 and BG-10. The result of antibacterial test showed that MBGs exhibited antibacterial effect against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteria. Taken together, results suggest that, among all the synthesized MBGs, sample BG-5 is a promising candidate as multifunctional biomaterial for bone tissue engineering with maximum cell proliferation and ALP activity, good bioactivity and high antibacterial efficiency against MRSA bacteria. Eventually, the BG-5 is suggested to be used in segmental defects in rat model in vivo. |
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| Keywords: | A Sol-gel processes C Bioactivity D MgO D Apatite E Biomedical applications |
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