The effects of dry and wet grinding on the strength of dental zirconia

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of different dry and wet surface finishing on the mechanical strength and surface characters of a dental yttria-stablized zirconia ceramic (Y-TZP). Surface grinding treatments with a dental air turbine handpiece were performed with: coarse diamond (DC) and fine diamond (DF), tungsten carbide (Tc) and fine tungsten carbide (TcF) burs with or without water coolant. Air particle abrasion with 50?µm alumina (APA), combination of burs treatments or burs-abrasion, i.e. DC-TcF and DC-APA, were also performed with non-treatment group as control (C). Statistical analyses (α?=?0.05) on results revealed that all surface treatments significantly increased the surface roughness (Ra) than control (p?i.e. grain sizes in these specimens were smaller than the control (60?nm for C). This study outcome suggested that tungsten carbide burs should be avoided for grinding Y-TZP because of significant reduction in the BFS. Water cooling during grinding did not consistently reduce the potential heat damaging effects expected with dry grinding.