基于Penman方法和互补原理的蒸散发研究历程与展望

Penman方法和互补原理是蒸散发研究的两种主要理论方法,本文梳理了这两类方法的发展历程,对比了其概念和方法上的差异,讨论融合这两类方法的可能和前景。Penman方法从田间尺度蒸散发过程出发,从针对均一下垫面发展到强调空间变异规律和植物生理生态行为对蒸散发的控制机制。互补原理从区域尺度蒸散发过程出发,从传统的线性互补关系发展到基于非线性函数的广义互补原理。Penman方法和互补原理分别侧重蒸散发的陆面过程和大气过程,未来需要融合这两类方法以提升对蒸散发的认识和研究水平。

Advances of evapotranspiration research based on the Penman approach and complementary principle

The Penman approach and complementary principle are the two main theories and methods on evapotranspiration estimation. This paper reviews the development of these two approaches, compares their differences in concepts and methods, and discusses the possibility and prospect of integrating them. The Penman approach emphasizes the processes at the land surface, and corresponding researches focus on the spatial pattern across various scales and the transpiration mechanisms controlled by plant physiological and ecological behaviours. The complementary principle emphasizes the processes in the atmosphere, and corresponding researches evolve from linear complementary relationship to the generalized complementary principle based on nonlinear functions. The Penman approach and complementary principle should be integrated for completely comprehending the evapotranspiration process, and raising the level of evapotranspiration research.