智能水网工程:驱动中国水治理现代化的引擎

将新中国成立以来我国水利发展过程划分为3个阶段,论证了智能水网工程是驱动我国水治理现代化战略实施的集成性载体。系统解析了现代水网系统的"自然+人工"、"水流+水基"、"生态环境+经济社会"二元化结构,提出了智能水网系统是由水物理网、水信息网和水管理网耦合组成的复合系统,具备安全性、可测度性、可控达性、资源优化性和技术先进性的五维智能化表征,支持和实现水流、信息流和业务流的互联互通。系统探析了近自然的河湖生态治理、水基础设施网络系统规划和复杂条件下大型水工程安全友好建设等水物理网的关键技术,智能传感与多源立体监测组网、多源水信息融合与挖掘和水信息多尺度预测预报等水信息网的关键技术,实践驱动的水资源优化配置、复杂水资源系统多目标综合调度和水利工程群非线性耦联智能控制等水管理网的关键技术。最后探讨了国家智能水网工程建设方向。

Smart water grid project: the engine driving China's water management modernization strategy

The paper takes a review of water conservancy development in China in three stages since the founding of the modern China in 1949, and demonstrates that the smart water grid(SWG) project is an integrated carrier driving the implementation of China''s water management modernization strategy. After a systemic analysis of the dual structure of current water grid system in China,namely the natural and the artificial, water flow and water basis, the ecological environment and the social-economy, the paper puts forward that SWG is a network amalgam of physical, information and management flow of water, and that SWG is featured by Security, Measurability, Accessibility, Resource-optimization and Technological-innovation, supporting the connectivity of water flow, information flow and business flow. The paper explains the key techniques for constructing a physical network of water that include quasi-nature ecological treatment of rivers and lakes,planning of water infrastructure network,safe and friendly construction of large water engineering under complex conditions; the key techniques for constructing a water information network that include intelligent sensing and multi-source 3D monitoring, multi-source water information integration and data-mining, and multi-scale forecast and prediction; and the key techniques for a water management network that include empirical-based water resources optimized allocation,multi-objective comprehensive scheduling of complex water resources systems, and nonlinear, intelligent control of water engineering project clusters. In its final analysis, the paper proposes the direction of Chinese SWG project construction in the future.