塔里木盆地的油气勘探现状、经验和对策

塔里木盆地的面积约60万 km~2,盆地中部为塔克拉玛干大沙漠,面积约33万 km~2。盆地的油气勘探始于五十年代初。1983年以来的勘探成果,才使人们对该区的含油气远景有了比较清楚的认识:全盆地具有三个隆起、四个拗陷的构造格局;块断差异运动控制着油气的分布;古生界是盆地内主要目的层系,具备形成大型油气田的地质条件;北部拗陷的周围地台型隆起是寻找大型油气田的有利地区。近年来,在塔北地区开展了钻探工作,先后在寒武系—奥陶系、三叠系和侏罗系地层中均获得了高产油气流。以上成果的取得,主要是坚持了区域勘探,正确把握勘探方向,坚持物探先行,加强综合研究和强化试油的结果。今后应在充分利用该区的有利条件基础上,制定有效的勘探部署;加快物探工作,特别是加快地震勘探步伐;广泛应用新技术,充分利用多种物探信息,深化综合研究;集中解剖塔北隆起,迅速形成产能;侦察中央隆起,实现找油的新突破。

The status quo,experience and strategy of hydrocarbon exploration in Tarim basin

The area of Tarim basin is about 0.6 million km~2.The mid part of the basin is Takelamagan desert,which covers the area of 0.33 mi- llion km~2.The hydrocarbon exploration in the basin began in early 1950s.The exploration results after 1983 make people have the know- ledge of hydrocarbon resources in the basin:the basin has the geologi- cal framework of three rises and four depressions;differential block- faulting controlled hydrocarbon distribution;Palaeozoic group is the major target sedimentary-series,where there are geological conditions to form huge hydrocarbon accumulations;the platform-type rise around north depression is the favourable area where big oil and gas fields can be discovered.In recent years,drillings were conducted in the north part of the basin,and rich industrial oil flows have been obtained respectively in Cambrian-Ordovician,Triassic and Jurassic systems. These achievements are due to the performance of reasonable areal exp- loration,right exploration target,advanced geophysical exploration, emphatic comprehensive study and serious well testing. In the years to come,we should formulate reasonable and effective exploration deployment on the basis of favourable conditions in this area; speed up geophysical exploration,especially seismic exploration; widely apply new techniques and make full use of various geophy- sical informations; have deep comprehensive study; make a concentrated exploration on Tabei rise so as to create oil production as fast as possible; make reconnaissance of the central rise in order to gain new leap in oil exploration.