富氧底吹粗铜熔炼渣中铜的赋存状态研究

采用工艺矿物学系统分析方法对富氧底吹熔炼渣中铜的赋存状态及导致渣含铜高的相关因素进行研究,并采用BPMA对损失的铜物相进行工艺矿物学参数自动测量及统计。结果表明,熔炼渣中铜主要以沉降不充分所致的冰铜机械夹杂形式赋存于渣中,其次为生料反应不完全所致,冰铜夹杂主要是放渣过程中离渣口最近的喷枪的二次搅动引起,生料夹杂集中在放渣后期。从工艺矿物学角度提出,通过调整底吹熔炼炉喷枪角度及放渣过程中的进料设置可有效降低铜在渣中的损失。损失于渣中的铜物相嵌布粒度以大于0.10mm的粗粒及小于0.01mm的微粒为主,分布极不均匀。通过统计结果进行理论计算,当磨矿细度为-0.074mm占70%～85%,浮选后渣含铜的理论下限为0.45%～0.30%,在现有技术经济条件下将永久损失。

Mineralogical Study of Copper Loss in Oxygen Bottom Blown Smelting Slag

Loss state of copper in oxygen enrichment bottom blowing smelting slag and factors leading to high copper content in slag were studied by process mineralogy. BPMA is used to automatically measure and count process mineralogy parameters of lost copper phase. The results show that mechanical matte inclusion caused by inadequate settlement is the main loss form of copper in slag, followed by raw feed caused by incomplete reaction. The matte inclusions are mainly caused by secondary agitation of spray gun closest to slag mouth during slag discharging. The raw feed inclusion is concentrated in the later stage of slag discharge. From view of process mineralogy, copper loss in slag can be effectively reduced by adjusting nozzle angle of bottom blowing melting furnace and feed setting during slag discharge. Particle size distribution of copper phase lost in slag is extremely uneven which present with coarse particles of +0.10 mm and -0.01 mm. According to theoretical calculation based on statistical results, when grinding fineness of -0.074 mm accounts for 70%-85%, the theoretical off-line of copper content in slag after flotation is 0.45%-0.30%, which will be permanently lost under the current technical and economic conditions.