考虑共享储能容量配置的多虚拟电厂优化运行方法

由于分布式能源具有间歇性和波动性的特点，其大规模接入电网会对系统稳定性产生一定的影响。为了减少用户侧用电成本以及提高新能源的消纳能力，在多虚拟电厂背景下提出共享储能系统促进风光消纳的规划和运行双层决策博弈模型。上层模型对共享储能电站投资运行成本进行等年值转换分析，以共享储能总成本最低且使用寿命尽可能的长为目标函数建立模型；下层模型以虚拟电厂运行成本最低及弃风弃光最小为目标函数建立运行优化模型。采用鲸鱼算法与CPLEX商业求解器结合的形式对共享储能电站的容量配置、充放电行为以及虚拟电厂运行状态进行求解，并通过设置3个场景算例对所提方案进行验证，结果表明，所提方法可以优化共享储能电站容量最优配置和充放电策略，提高可再生能源的消纳能力和虚拟电厂系统运行效率，兼顾供给侧与需求侧的利益，使电能分配更加公平合理。

Optimal Operation Method of Multiple Virtual Power Plants Considering Shared Energy Storage Capacity Allocation

Due to the intermittent and fluctuating characteristics of distributed energy， its large-scale connection to the grid will have certain impact on system stability. In this context， in order to reduce the cost of electricity on the customer side and improve the capacity of new energy consumption， this paper proposes a two-level game model for the planning and operation of shared energy storage system to promote scenery consumption in the context of multivirtual power plants. In the upper-level model， the investment and operation cost of shared energy storage power plant is converted to equal annual value， and the model is established with the lowest total cost of shared energy storage and the longest possible service life as the objective function. In the lower model， the operation optimization model is established with minimizing the operating cost of the virtual power plant and the abandoned wind and light as the objective function. The capacity allocation， charging and discharging behavior of the shared energy storage plant and the operation status of the virtual plant are solved by combining the whale algorithm with the CPLEX commercial solver. The final calculation has verified the economy and effectiveness of the proposed scheme in operation by comparing three scenarios. The results show that the proposed method can optimize the optimal configuration of capacity and charging/discharging strategy of shared energy storage plant， improve the capacity of renewable energy consumption and the operating efficiency of the virtual power plant system， take into account the interests of the supply side and the demand side， and make the distribution of electric energy fairer and more reasonable.