黄铜矿粗选指标对水玻璃超声波改性的响应及其机理

为阐明黄铜矿粗选指标与水玻璃超声波改性的内在关系,以超声波预处理的水玻璃为调整剂,进行了黄铜矿实际矿物的浮选试验,并采用pH值、黏度及红外光谱等手段对超声波预处理水玻璃溶液及矿浆浊度进行了表征。结果表明,黄铜矿的粗选回收率对超声波改性的水玻璃较为敏感。铜的回收率在水玻璃预处理时间为15 min作用时的敏感性最强,为85.33%,与未改性水玻璃的回收率相比提高了9.31%。超声波预处理可减小水玻璃溶液的pH值,并使其黏度降低0.36%,这有利于水玻璃在矿浆中的分散。此外,超声波预处理还可改变水玻璃溶液的中水分子的比例以及水玻璃官能团的组成,并使预处理后的水玻璃溶液中游离水羟基与H₂SiO₃中的Si-OH的相对比例分别提高7.81%和1.02%。游离水组份的增加有利于改善黄铜矿的疏水性及浮选效果,水玻璃有效成分H₂SiO₃中Si-OH的组份增加在一定程度上强化了对矿泥的分散作用,从而提高了粗选作业铜的回收率。研究对超声波技术在有色金属浮选领域的应用有一定参考意义。

Response of Chalcopyrite Roughing Index to Ultrasonic Modified Sodium Silicate and Its Mechanism

In order to clarify the internal relationship between the roughing index of chalcopyrite and the ultrasonic modification of sodium silicate, the flotation test of actual chalcopyrite minerals was carried out with ultrasonic pretreated sodium silicate as the regulator. The pH value, viscosity and infrared spectroscopy were employed to characterize the ultrasonic pretreatment of sodium silicate solution properties and pulp turbidity. The results showed that the roughing recovery of chalcopyrite was sensitive to the performance of ultrasonic modified sodium silicate. The recovery rate of chalcopyrite was the most sensitive when the sodium silicate was treated for 15 min, which was 85.33%, which was 9.31% higher than that of the unmodified sodium silicate. Ultrasonic pretreatment can reduce the pH value of the sodium silicate solution and the viscosity by 0.36 %, which was beneficial to the dispersion of sodium silicate in the slurry. In addition, ultrasonic pretreatment can also change the proportion of water molecules and the composition of sodium silicate functional groups in the sodium silicate solution, and increase the relative ratio of free water hydroxyl groups in the pretreated sodium silicate solution to Si-OH in H₂SiO₃ by 7.81 % and 1.02 %, respectively. The increase of free water component was beneficial to improve the hydrophobicity and flotation effected of chalcopyrite and the increase of Si-OH component in the effective component H₂SiO₃ of sodium silicate strengthened the dispersion of slime to a certain extent, so improved the recovery rate of copper in roughing operation. The research has certain reference significance for the application of ultrasonic technology in the field of non-ferrous metal flotation.