激光增材制造技术制备高熵合金的研究进展

目前基于焓变的传统合金化材料设计理念趋于极限,而基于熵变设计的新型金属材料,中高熵合金设计自由度大弥补了亚稳态材料室温脆性以及亚稳晶化的不足且在性能上不断取得突破。激光增材制造技术具有了不同于传统加工设计和制造理念,为推动先进合金材料的发展提供了新的可能,已经成为链接材料与产品的关键技术。本文基于不同维度的激光增材制造技术,从2D、3D和4D三种维度分别介绍了激光熔覆技术制备高熵合金涂层、3D打印技术制备高熵合金和4D打印技术制备高熵高温形状记忆合金的研究现状,并结合目前研究中所面临的关键技术问题及解决方案进行了讨论,最后对激光增材制造技术制备先进合金材料进行了总结和展望。

Progress in the preparation of high entropy alloys by laser additive manufacturing technology

At present, the traditional design concept of alloying materials based on enthalpy change is approaching its limit, while new metal materials based on entropy change design have a large degree of freedom in the design of medium and high entropy alloys, which make up for the shortcomings of room temperature brittleness and metastable crystallization of metastable materials and continuously make breakthroughs in performance. Laser additive manufacturing technology differs from traditional processing design and manufacturing concepts, providing new possibilities for promoting the development of advanced alloy materials and has become a key technology for linking materials and products. In this paper, based on laser additive manufacturing technology, the research status of high-entropy alloy coating prepared by laser cladding technology, high-entropy alloy prepared by 3D printing technology and high-entropy high-temperature shape memory alloy prepared by 4D printing technology are described from three dimensions of 2D, 3D and 4D, respectively. The key technical problems and solutions in the current research are discussed. Finally, the preparation of advanced alloy materials by laser additive manufacturing technology is summarized and prospected.