植物甾醇提取纯化方法研究进展

为了提高植物甾醇的提取效率和纯度，对植物甾醇的结构和来源，提取纯化方法及其辅助技术的原理、种类、特点以及应用等进行归纳分析，并对今后的研究方向提出了建议。植物甾醇来源广泛，但传统的植物甾醇提取纯化方法如溶剂萃取法等存在收率低、纯度低以及影响环境等缺点，具有一定局限性。新型的植物甾醇提取纯化方法如超临界CO₂法等具有操作简单、无毒、产品纯度高等优点，是一种环保高效的提取方法。辅助提取技术如酶、微波、超声波和磁场等能够优化对植物甾醇的提取纯化工艺，提高提取纯化效率。通过将传统方法进行改良、与新型方法结合、优化工艺参数以及开发新的提取纯化技术等措施，实现植物甾醇的高效提取纯化。

Research progress on extraction and purification methods of phytosterols

In order to improve the extraction efficiency and purity of phytosterols, the structure and source of phytosterols, extraction and purification methods and auxiliary technologies including principle, species, characteristics and applications were summarized and analyzed, and the future research direction was proposed. The phytosterols come from a wide range of sources. Traditional methods of extraction and purification of phytosterols, such as solvent extraction, have some limitations, such as low yield, low purity and environmental impact. The novel extraction and purification methods of phytosterols, such as supercritical CO2 method, have the advantages of simple operation, non-toxic, high product purity, which is an environmentally friendly and efficient extraction method. Auxiliary extraction technologies such as enzyme, microwave, ultrasonic and magnetic field can optimize the extraction and purification process of phytosterols and improve the extraction and purification efficiency. By improving the traditional methods, combining with new methods, optimizing technological parameters and developing new extraction and purification technology in the future, the efficient extraction and purification of phytosterols could be realized.