关于水热技术处理垃圾焚烧飞灰的研究探讨

生活垃圾焚烧飞灰含有重金属和有毒有机物，对环境危害十分严重。水热法被认为是一种有效的无害化处理技术，能将飞灰改性，降低飞灰毒性，还可以合成沸石类物质，提高产物的应用价值。本文基于垃圾焚烧飞灰理化特性，对现有的水热处理技术进行了较为全面的总结。根据水热法的机理，系统地介绍了传统水热法、微波水热法、熔融预处理的微波水热法和超声波水热法，并通过对比分析指出各方法在处理效率、处理效果等方面存在的问题。此外，还简要介绍了水热处理后飞灰的主要应用领域。最后结合近几年水热技术的研究现状，提出了新型水热技术在工业化应用上存在的大型化的局限性以及未来发展方向。

Study on the treatment of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash by hydrothermal technology

Municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly ash contains heavy metals and toxic organic compounds, which are very harmful to the environment. Hydrothermal method is considered to be an effective harmless treatment technology, which can modify the fly ash, reduce the fly ash toxicity, synthesize zeolite substances and improve the application value of the product. In this paper, based on the physicochemical properties of MSWI fly ash, the hydrothermal treatment technologies are comprehensively summarized.According to the mechanism of hydrothermal method, the traditional hydrothermal method, microwave hydrothermal method, microwave hydrothermal method with melting pretreatment and ultrasonic hydrothermal method are systematically introduced , and the problems existing in the treatment efficiency and the effect of each method are pointed out by comparative analysis. Finally,based on the research status in recent years, the limitations of large-scale application of hydrothermal technology in industrial application and the future development direction are proposed.