沸石胶凝增强复合包装板材的制备及性能

目的 为了拓展固废资源化的应用，本研究以生物质废料（秸秆粉、废木屑）为基体，以预处理后的污水污泥焚烧灰作为填料，采用热压成型制备了一种沸石胶凝增强复合包装板材。方法 通过XRD、SEM等方法表征预处理前后填料的元素组成、晶体结构、微观形貌等，并研究预处理填料对制备复合包装板材性能的影响趋势以及增强机制。结果 添加质量分数为22.5%的预处理后的填料制备的复合板材，其弯曲强度为27.73MPa，压缩强度为44.38MPa，在力学性能、隔热性能和吸水厚度膨胀率等方面均明显优于未经过预处理的对照组，满足GB/T7284—2016《框架木箱》、GB/T23898—2009《木托盘用人造板》等国家标准的要求。复合板材性能的增强主要归因于预处理引起填料相组成及结构的变化。由于方沸石晶相的生成，填料对自身和基体的吸附性、易分散性得到极大改善。结论 经过预处理的填料制备的沸石胶凝增强复合包装板材性能优异，在木包装领域及建筑领域具有广阔的应用前景。该研究可为大宗固体废弃物资源化利用提供高附加值的解决方案，还可以为缓解林产资源短缺的现状提供新的思路。

Preparation and Performance of Zeolite-cementing-reinforced Composite Packaging Board

The work aims to prepare a zeolite-cementing-reinforced composite packaging board through hot-press molding with employed biomass waste materials (straw powder, waste wood shavings) as the matrix, incinerated sewage sludge ash after pretreatment as fillers to enhance the potential applications of solid waste resource utilization. The elemental composition, crystal structure, and microscopic morphology of the fillers before and after pretreatment were systematically characterized. The influence of pretreated fillers on the performance trends and reinforcement mechanisms of the resulting composite packaging board was investigated. The composite board, prepared with a 22.5% mass fraction of pretreated fillers, exhibited a notable bending strength of 27.73 MPa and a compressive strength of 44.38 MPa. It significantly outperformed the untreated control group in terms of mechanical properties, thermal insulation performance, and water absorption thickness expansion rate. Moreover, it complied with the requirements of relevant national standards such as GB/T 7284-2016 "Frame Wooden Boxes" and GB/T 23898-2009 "Artificial Boards for Wooden Pallets". The enhanced performance of the composite board primarily resulted from alterations in filler composition and structure induced by the pretreatment process. The generation of the analcime phase notably improved the adsorption and dispersibility of the fillers on both themselves and the matrix. The zeolite-cementing-reinforced packaging board, crafted with pretreated fillers, exhibits exceptional performance, presenting extensive application prospects in wooden packaging and construction. This study not only provides a high-value solution for the recycling of bulk solid waste, but also contributes novel insights into alleviating the current shortage of forest resources.