油气藏型储气库出砂机理及防砂技术现状与发展趋势展望

油气藏型储气库的生产特点会加大储层出砂的风险，高效长期的出砂防控是储气库安全运行的重要技术保障。油气藏型储气库的生产工况为长周期高流量注采交替，引发地层压力/应力大小、流体流动方向和气水界面运移的循环交变，并造成其出砂机理与出砂预测相对更加复杂，给高效长期的出砂防控带来严峻挑战。首先系统分析油气藏型储气库生产工况特征及其对储层岩石物性的演变影响机制，分析总结诱发出砂加剧机理及主控因素，并总结目前出砂模拟与预测方法进展。在此基础上，分析总结国内外储气库防砂技术现状。总体而言，目前尚缺乏针对储气库生产特点的成熟防砂技术体系。最后，系统分析了储气库出砂防控技术亟待解决的工程难题和科学问题，并简要展望未来发展趋势，为未来储气库大规模建设中的防砂完井方案研究提供参考借鉴。

Sand production mechanism and sand control technology status and prospect of oil-gas reservoir type gas storage

The production characteristics of depleted reservoir underground gas storage will aggravate the risk of sand production in the reservoir. Efficient and long-term sand production prevention and control is an important technical guarantee for the safe operation of gas storage. The production conditions of the depleted reservoir underground gas storage will be in high-flow injection-production alternation for a long term, which causes the cyclic alternation of formation pressure/stress magnitude, fluid flow direction and gas-water interface migration. Therefore, it is much more complex to figure out sand production mechanism and to predict sand production, which brings serious challenges to the efficient and long-term sand production prevention and control. Firstly, the characteristics of depleted reservoir underground gas storage production conditions and their influence mechanism on the evolution of reservoir rock properties were systematically analyzed, the mechanism and main controlling factors aggravating and inducing sand production were analyzed and summarized, and the current progress in sand production simulation and prediction methods was summarized. On this basis, the status of sand control technology for gas storage at home and abroad was analyzed and summarized. In general, there still lacks mature sand control technology system for gas storage production characteristics. Finally, for sand production prevention and control technology of gas storages, the engineering problems and scientific problems that need to be urgently solved were systematically analyzed, and the future development trend was briefly prospected, which provide a reference for studying sand control and completion schemes during the large-scale gas storage construction in the future.