基于磁致伸缩材料的电机研究进展

从磁致伸缩材料的定义、分类及性能等出发,介绍了磁致伸缩材料及其应用和开发情况等,剖析各类磁致伸缩致动器的设计原理及特点,并引出磁致伸缩式电机的设计基础和工作原理。该磁致伸缩式电机以压电电机的设计原理为基础,其中线性电机的工作原理和结构基本相同,均利用磁致伸缩效应诱导线性增量运动,通常由磁致伸缩单元和驱动单元两部分组成;而旋转电机利用定子驱动端的椭圆运动或电机结构的改变,因此结构多样。最后分析开发磁致伸缩器件亟待完善和解决的技术问题,并对基于磁致伸缩效应器件的发展方向进行展望。

Review on Magnetostrictive Materials based Vibrating Motors

The magnetostriction material and its applications as well as developments are presented by definition, classification and performance in this paper. The design principle and characteristic of magnetostrictive actuators are analyzed, and then introduces the working principle and design foundation of magnetostrictive motors. The discussed motor, based on the design principle of piezoelectric motor, includes linear motor and rotating motor. The working theories, utilizing magnetostrictive effect to induce linear increment motion, and structures of linear motor, containing magnetostriction and drive unit, are almost the same. The rotating motors use the elliptic motion of driving parts or transformation of motor formation, so its shape varies. The technical problems of developing magnetostrictive devices are analyzed and the development direction of magnetostrictive devices are forecasted.