水泵水轮机“S”特性区的流动机理及研究进展

水泵水轮机作为抽水蓄能电站中实现能量转换的核心部件,也是抽水蓄能技术国产化过程中的关键。本文介绍了水泵水轮机近几十年国内外的研究发展现状,针对水泵水轮机由于结构的特殊性在"S"特性区内低水头运行时常发生机组并网困难或者在甩负荷过程中水压异常上升的问题,通过描述"S"特性区的形成机理并从形成机理、设计方法、研究方法和流道内部不稳定流动特性等方面入手分析了现有相关研究中存在的问题,总结了"S"特性区对抽水蓄能电站的不利影响及其相对成熟的预开导叶法,并且认为今后的研究重点为优化水力设计。

Flow mechanism and Research progress of Pump-Turbine in the S-shaped Region

In the circumstance of booming electricity demand, most regions of China have the obvious fluctuation, big gap between valley and peak and low capacity of peak shaving. These have advanced high-speed construction and developing of pumped storage power station. Pump-Turbine as a core component realizing energy transformation in pumped storage power station is also the key to localization process of pumped storage station technology. This paper introduces domestic and foreign research status of Pump-Turbine in recent decades. Due to its structural specificity and operation for low-head in S-shaped Region, it happens difficult synchronizing and water pressure abnormal increased in a full load rejection. And it analyzes the deficiency and shortage in current study by describing the flow mechanism in S-shaped Region and discussing from Design Method, Research Method, unsteady flow of flow channel. Then, it summarizes the adverse effect of S-shaped Region on pumped storage power station and Its improving method- misaligned guide vanes. Finally this study shows that the future research emphasis in optimization of hydraulic design.