景德镇民窑制度和官窑制度的关系

从民窑和官窑的制度关系着手,分析景德镇窑业制度的发展历程.传统景德镇陶瓷生产包括官窑和民窑两大体系,景德镇陶瓷业发端于民窑,成熟于官窑,官窑又进一步促进民窑的发展,到了明清时期形成了官窑和民窑共同发展的局面.民窑制度是规范窑业社会成员的行为准则,其目的是为了民窑业稳定有序;而官窑制度是政府对窑业的关注和管理方法及其手段.民窑制度是官窑制度的基础,而官窑制度在民窑制度的基础上深入而严格.两者相互学习,相互促进,进而清朝形成“官民竞市”的现象.

The Relationship between Jingdezhen Folk Kiln System and Imperial Kiln System

This paper is to analyze Jingdezhen kiln industry development on the basis of the relationship between folk kiln system and imperial kiln system. Jingdezhen traditional ceramic production was carded out under imperial kiln and folk kiln systems. Its ceramic industry started with folk kiln but matured in imperial kiln which in tum boosted the development of folk kiln. Both kiln systems realized joint development in Ming and Qing dynasties. The folk kiln system prescribed the rules to regulate the craftsmen＇s behavior in order to maintain order and stability in the industry. Whereas, the imperial kiln system was established by the government to effect the official management over the industry. The folk kilns system was the basis of the imperial kiln system which was a deepened and tightened administration of the industry deriving from the folk system. Both of them learned from and promoted each other to form ＂the comoetition between folk kiln and the imoedal kiln＇.