白酒醇酸酯比率对小鼠酒后乙醇代谢及行为能力的影响

控制白酒中醇、酸、酯的含量是白酒生产企业的关键技术。该研究模拟白酒中主要醇类、酸类和酯类的含量及比例配制成实验酒样，测定小鼠酒后在不同时间点的血液乙醇含量，计算小鼠的乙醇代谢能力；同时通过Morris水迷宫实验测定小鼠相应的行为能力，并测定小鼠酒后2 h时体内乙醇代谢相关酶活性以及急性酒精性肝损伤情况。结果表明，杂醇对小鼠的乙醇代谢及行为记忆能力有较大影响；过高的杂醇（尤其是异戊醇）含量，会抑制乙醇在体内代谢，主要原因是抑制了乙醇脱氢酶和乙醛脱氢酶的活性；同时降低小鼠记忆能力，显著延长潜伏逃脱时间（P＜0.05）。乙酸能较好的促进乙醇代谢，减缓其他组分对乙醇脱氢酶和乙醛脱氢酶活性的抑制作用，且会刺激小鼠记忆能力，显著降低潜伏逃脱时间（P＜0.05）。

Effect of alcohols,acids and esters ratio in Baijiu on ethanol metabolism and behavioral ability of mice after drinking

Controlling the ratio of alcohols, acids and esters in Baijiu (Chinese liquor) is a key technology for Baijiu production enterprises. In this study, the experimental liquor samples were configured by simulating the contents and ratios of main alcohols, acids and esters in Baijiu, and the ethanol contents in blood of mice were measured at different time points after drinking to calculate their ethanol metabolism ability. Meanwhile, the corresponding behavioral abilities of mice were measured by Morris water maze test, and the activities of enzymes related to ethanol metabolism and acute alcoholic liver injury in mice were measured at 2 h after drinking. The results showed that fusel alcohols had a great effect on ethanol metabolism and behavioral memory abilities of mice. High levels of fusel alcohols (especially isoamyl alcohol) would inhibit the metabolism of ethanol in vivo, mainly because it inhibited the activities of alcohol dehydrogenase and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase, and would reduce the memory ability of mice and significantly prolong the time of latent escape (P＜0.05). Acetic acid could promote ethanol metabolism better, slow down the inhibition of other components on the activities of alcohol dehydrogenase and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase, stimulate the memory ability of mice, and significantly decrease the time of latent escape (P＜0.05).