碳含量和晶粒尺寸对高碳钢表面脱碳类型和深度的影响

摘要：硬线在加热、轧制等过程中会发生表面脱碳，严重影响工件的性能。通过等温加热实验，研究了加热温度和碳含量对硬线60、70和82B钢表面脱碳层类型和深度的影响，及原始奥氏体晶粒尺寸对弹簧钢60Si2MnA表面脱碳类型和深度的影响。结果表明：保温90min后，60钢在700~750℃时仅存在完全脱碳层，在850~900℃时仅存在部分脱碳层，其完全脱碳层深度随温度增加而逐渐减小，部分脱碳层则相反。70钢仅在850~900℃时存在部分脱碳层。82B钢的脱碳层深度随着温度增加先增加后减少至消失，然后又逐渐增加。硬线在碳含量处于γ单相区时主要发生部分脱碳，且深度随碳含量的升高而增大；碳含量处于α+γ两相区时主要发生完全脱碳，且深度随着碳含量增加先减小后增大。弹簧钢60Si2MnA的完全脱碳层深度随着原始奥氏体晶粒尺寸的增大逐渐减小。

Effect of carbon content and grain size on structure and depth of surface decarburization of high carbon steel

Abstract： The surface decarburization of hard wire will occur in the process of heating and rolling, which will seriously affect the performance of workpiece. The effects of holding temperature and carbon content on the type and depth of decarburized layer on hard wire 60, 70 and 82B steel were studied by isothermal heating experiment. The effects of crystallite dimensions of original austenite on decarburization depth of spring steel 60Si2MnA were analyzed. The results show that there is only a complete decarburization layer of 60 steel at 700-750℃ after heating at different temperatures for 90min. There is only a partial decarburization layer at 750-850℃. The depth of decarburized layer decreases gradually with the increase of temperature, and there is only a partial decarburization layer at 850-900℃. The depth of complete decarburization layer decreases gradually with the increase of temperature, and the depth of partial decarburization layer increases gradually with the increase of temperature. The partial decarburization layer of 70 steel only exists at 850-900℃. The depth of complete decarburization layer of 82B steel increases gradually with the increase of temperature, then gradually decreases to zero, at least gradually increases. Only a complete decarburization layer exists at 700℃. There is partial decarburization when the hard wires carbon content is in the γ single phase region, and the depth increases with the increase of carbon content. There is complete decarburization when the carbon content is mainly in the α+γ two phase region, and the depth decreases first and then increases with the increase of carbon content. The depth of the complete decarburization layer of the spring steel 60Si2MnA decreases with the increase of crystallite dimensions of original austenite.