集运鱼船研究综述

水工程的大量修建在为人们提供便利、创造财富的同时,也破坏了河流生态系统的平衡,对水生生物的生存环境造成了严重影响。尤其是一些洄游鱼类如中华鲟、圆口铜鱼等,洄游通道的阻隔导致其近年来资源量不断下降。为了解决鱼类的过坝问题,科研工作者对众多过鱼设施进行了研究。其中,集运鱼船作为一种活动过鱼设施,能够弥补固定过鱼设施的不足,在恢复生态系统平衡及水电站保护鱼类等方面具有较大的研究和应用价值。对其国内外研究现状和亟待解决的关键技术问题作了介绍,并对其今后的发展趋势进行了展望。

Overview of Fish Barging

The construction of hydroelectric projects brought benefits and created wealth for human beings. However, they also influenced the balance of river ecosystem, seriously affected the survival of aquatic organisms, especially for some migratory fish including Chinese sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis Grdy) and Sauyage et Dabry (Coreius guichenoti). As their migration routes were hindered, fishery resources have been decreasing in recent years. In the purpose of helping fish pass the dam, researchers have done many work on fish passage facilities. As a fish passage facility which is not fixed at the dam, fish barging can overcome the shortcomings of fixed fish facility. It is of high research value and has application prospect in restoring the balance of ecosystem and protecting fish in hydropower station. We simply introduced the research status and key technical issues of fish barging in China and abroad, and presented the trend of its future development.