A brush device with visual and haptic feedback for virtual painting of 3D virtual objects

We have previously developed a mixed reality (MR) painting system with which a user could take a physical object in the real world and apply virtual paint to it. However, this system could not provide the sensation of painting on virtual objects in MR space. Therefore, we subsequently proposed and developed mechanisms that simulated the effect of touch and movement when a brush device was used to paint on a virtual canvas. In this paper, we use visual and haptic feedback to provide the sensation of painting on virtual three-dimensional objects using a new brush device called the MAI Painting Brush++. We evaluate and confirm its effectiveness through several user studies.